Bicameral legislature with representation based on state population is associated with which plan?

• A. Virginia plan
• B. Confederation
• C. Madisonian model
• D. Public goods

Answer: (A)

The idea being tested is proportional representation in a two-chamber national legislature. The Virginia Plan argued for a strong national government with a bicameral Congress in which representation in both houses would be based on state population (or wealth), giving larger states more influence. This matches the description of a bicameral legislature tied to population. By contrast, the Confederation favored a unicameral body with equal state representation, so it doesn’t fit. The Madisonian model is related to this structure but is more about the broader framework of checks and balances and a mix of proportional and equal representation across the two houses, whereas the Virginia Plan directly names population-based representation as its core idea. Public goods isn’t a plan for organizing a legislature.